Taiwan, China: Contexto político-econômico
O quadro político de Taiwan, China
Political Outline
- Current Political Leaders
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President: Tsai Ing-Wen (since 20 May 2016 - reelected 11 Jan 2020) - PDP
Prime Minister: Su Tseng-chang (since 14 January 2019) - PDP - Next Election Dates
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Presidential: January 2024
Legislative Yuan (parliamentary): January 2024 - Current Political Context
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Pro-independent candidate Tsai Ing-wen won a second term with a landslide victory in the January 2020 presidential election.
The year 2022 has been a turbulent one for the Taiwan Strait as China increased military pressure on Taipei following US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi's visit in August. The opposition Kuomintang retained control over a majority of Taiwan's cities and counties in the local elections held in November 2022, but this does not represent a warming in Taiwan's relations with China, nor a rebuke of the ruling Democratic Progressive Party. China will enhance its pressure on Taiwan in 2023, with its attitude deepening ahead of elections in January 2024.
Indeed, there are a number of unpredictable variables that will impact the situation in the Taiwan Strait in 2023. They include China's behavior in the Taiwan Strait, how issues related to Taiwan will be framed in the United States domestic politics and Taiwan's presidential election in early 2024, which typically focus on cross-Strait relations and Taiwan's relationship with the United States. - Main Political Parties
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Most parties maintain alliances with the two largest ruling parties: the KMT and DPP. The most prominent political parties include:
- Kuomintang (KMT): centre-right, favours Chinese nationalism
- Democratic Progressive Party (DPP): centre, backs an independent Taiwan, has gained a significant number of parliamentary seats since 2012
- New Power Party: Centre-Left
- People First Party (PFP): liberal
- Green Party Taiwan: Centre-Left
- Minkuotang: Centre-right
- Labor Party : Far-Left
- New Party : Right-Wing
- For Public Good Party: Left-wing
- Social Democratic Party: Centre-Left
- Taiwan First Nations Party : Centre-Left
- Trees Party: Centre-Left, Environmentalist
- Executive Power
- First country in Asia to have elected its president by universal direct suffrage. The President and Vice President are elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term). The Premier is appointed by the President; the Vice premiers are appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Premier.
- Legislative Power
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Unicameral Legislative Yuan of 113 seats including 73 district members elected by popular vote, 34 at-large members elected on basis of proportion of island wide votes received by participating political parties and 6 elected by popular vote among aboriginal populations; to serve four-year terms.
Political parties must receive 5% of vote to qualify for at-large seats.
Indicator of Freedom of the Press
The world rankings, published annually, measures violations of press freedom worldwide. It reflects the degree of freedom enjoyed by journalists, the media and digital citizens of each country and the means used by states to respect and uphold this freedom. Finally, a note and a position are assigned to each country. To compile this index, Reporters Without Borders (RWB) prepared a questionnaire incorporating the main criteria (44 in total) to assess the situation of press freedom in a given country. This questionnaire was sent to partner organisations,150 RWB correspondents, journalists, researchers, jurists and human rights activists. It includes every kind of direct attacks against journalists and digital citizens (murders, imprisonment, assault, threats, etc.) or against the media (censorship, confiscation, searches and harassment etc.).
- World Rank:
- 43/180
Indicator of Political Freedom
The Indicator of Political Freedom provides an annual evaluation of the state of freedom in a country as experienced by individuals. The survey measures freedom according to two broad categories: political rights and civil liberties. The ratings process is based on a checklist of 10 political rights questions (on Electoral Process, Political Pluralism and Participation, Functioning of Government) and 15 civil liberties questions (on Freedom of Expression, Belief, Associational and Organizational Rights, Rule of Law, Personal Autonomy and Individual Rights). Scores are awarded to each of these questions on a scale of 0 to 4, where a score of 0 represents the smallest degree and 4 the greatest degree of rights or liberties present. The total score awarded to the political rights and civil liberties checklist determines the political rights and civil liberties rating. Each rating of 1 through 7, with 1 representing the highest and 7 the lowest level of freedom, corresponds to a range of total scores.
- Ranking:
- Free
- Political Freedom:
- 1/7
Political freedom in the world (interactive map)
Source: Freedom in the World Report, Freedom House
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Últimas atualizações em November 2023
